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Permanent Teeth

Lateral luxation

Enamel fracture

Enamel-dentin fracture

Enamel-dentin-pulp fracture

Crown-root fracture without pulp involvement

Crown-root fracture with pulp involvement

Alveolar fracture

References for infractions

Stålhane I, Hedegård B. Traumatized permanent teeth in children aged 7–15 years. Part II. Swed Dent J 1975; 68: 157–169.
Ravn JJ. Follow-up study of permanent incisors with enamel cracks as a result of an acute trauma. Scand J Dent Res 1981; 89: 213-217.
Moorrees CF, Fanning EA, Hunt EE. Age variation of formation stages for ten permanent teeth. J Dent Res 1963; 42: 1490-1502.
Andreasen FM, Andreasen JO. Crown fractures. In: Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Andersson L, (eds.). Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth (4^th ed.). Oxford, Blackwell 2007. 280-305.

The data collected from this study have been used in prognosis calculations.

©Dental Trauma Guide 2010 - produced in cooperation with the Resource Centre for Rare Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery
at the University Hospital of Copenhagen - Last edited the 7-11-2011. Blue Color Coding indicates that the information is not currenly part of the IADT Guidelines